Model comparison
Gemini 1.5 Flash (May 2024) vs GPT-4.1
GPT-4.1 is the stronger model overall, scoring 35.9 to 33.2 on the Noometry Index.
Last verified . 32 shared benchmarks.
GoogleSummary
- They share 32 benchmarks with published results for both. Gemini 1.5 Flash (May 2024) scores higher in 2 categories and GPT-4.1 in 8 categories; 8 gaps are clear of the uncertainty.
- The widest gap is in knowledge, where GPT-4.1 leads 37.1 to 26.2.
- The biggest single-benchmark swing is GPQA (HELM): 43.7% for Gemini 1.5 Flash (May 2024) and 65.9% for GPT-4.1.
Side by side
| Gemini 1.5 Flash (May 2024) | GPT-4.1 | |
|---|---|---|
| Provider | OpenAI | |
| Noometry Index | 33.2 | 35.9 |
| Released | 2024-05-14 | 2025-04-14 |
| Weights | Proprietary | Proprietary |
| Context window | — | 1.05M |
| Max output | — | 33K |
| Input $ / M tokens | — | $2 |
| Output $ / M tokens | — | $8 |
| Results tracked | 42 | 52 |
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Category by category
Coding Too close to call
Gemini 1.5 Flash (May 2024): 34.4 (#236), GPT-4.1: 34.4 (#238)
| Benchmark | Gemini 1.5 Flash (May 2024) | GPT-4.1 |
|---|---|---|
| WeirdML | 24.9% | 39% |
| LMArena Coding | 1261 | 1391 |
| SWE-bench Verified | — | 48.5% |
| SWE-bench Verified (bash only) | — | 39.6% |
| Aider Polyglot | — | 52.4% |
| BigCodeBench Instruct | 43.5% | — |
| BigCodeBench Complete | 55.1% | — |
| CadEval | — | 42% |
| ALE-Bench | — | 558.1 |
| HumanEval+ | 75.6% | — |
| MBPP+ | 67.5% | — |
Agentic & Tool Use GPT-4.1 leads
Gemini 1.5 Flash (May 2024): 26.6 (#102), GPT-4.1: 34.7 (#43)
| Benchmark | Gemini 1.5 Flash (May 2024) | GPT-4.1 |
|---|---|---|
| Berkeley Function Calling Leaderboard | — | 54% |
| BALROG | 14.6% | — |
Reasoning Gemini 1.5 Flash (May 2024) leads
Gemini 1.5 Flash (May 2024): 21.7 (#215), GPT-4.1: 11.7 (#339)
| Benchmark | Gemini 1.5 Flash (May 2024) | GPT-4.1 |
|---|---|---|
| LMArena Hard Prompts | 1257 | 1384 |
| DTBench | 53.8% | 68.3% |
| Epoch Capabilities Index | 129.36 | 136.78 |
| ForecastBench | 53.9 | 61.5 |
| ARC-AGI-2 | — | 0.4% |
| SimpleBench | — | 27% |
| Kagi LLM Benchmark | — | 52.3% |
| ARC-AGI-1 | — | 5.5% |
| Chess Puzzles | — | 6% |
| EnigmaEval | — | 2.2% |
| LMCA | — | 25.6% |
| PIQA | 87.5% | — |
Math Too close to call
Gemini 1.5 Flash (May 2024): 22.1 (#281), GPT-4.1: 22.3 (#280)
| Benchmark | Gemini 1.5 Flash (May 2024) | GPT-4.1 |
|---|---|---|
| OTIS Mock AIME 2024-2025 | 16.3% | 38.3% |
| Omni-MATH | 30.4% | 47.1% |
| LMArena Math | 1269 | 1370 |
| MATH Level 5 | 61.9% | 83% |
| FrontierMath (Feb 2025 set) | 0% | 5.5% |
| FrontierMath (Tiers 1-3) | — | 6% |
| FrontierMath Tier 4 (v1) | — | 0% |
| GSM8K | 82.4% | — |
Knowledge GPT-4.1 leads
Gemini 1.5 Flash (May 2024): 26.2 (#260), GPT-4.1: 37.1 (#160)
| Benchmark | Gemini 1.5 Flash (May 2024) | GPT-4.1 |
|---|---|---|
| GPQA Diamond | 47.3% | 66.9% |
| MMLU-Pro | 67.8% | 81.1% |
| GPQA (HELM) | 43.7% | 65.9% |
| LMArena Expert | 1233 | 1364 |
| Humanity's Last Exam | — | 5.4% |
| SimpleQA Verified | — | 31.1% |
| Vectara Hallucination Rate | — | 5.6% |
| BoolQ | 85.8% | — |
| MMLU | 77.9% | — |
Multimodal GPT-4.1 leads
Gemini 1.5 Flash (May 2024): 36.0 (#81), GPT-4.1: 38.2 (#67)
| Benchmark | Gemini 1.5 Flash (May 2024) | GPT-4.1 |
|---|---|---|
| LMArena Vision | 1141 | 1211 |
| GeoBench | 76% | 72% |
| Video-MME | 70.3% | — |
Multilingual GPT-4.1 leads
Gemini 1.5 Flash (May 2024): 42.9 (#189), GPT-4.1: 49.4 (#133)
| Benchmark | Gemini 1.5 Flash (May 2024) | GPT-4.1 |
|---|---|---|
| LMArena Non-English | 1278 | 1370 |
| LMArena Chinese | 1295 | 1382 |
| LMArena French | 1258 | 1382 |
| LMArena German | 1262 | 1381 |
| LMArena Japanese | 1252 | 1319 |
| LMArena Korean | 1221 | 1339 |
| LMArena Russian | 1288 | 1377 |
| LMArena Spanish | 1243 | 1376 |
Instruction Following GPT-4.1 leads
Gemini 1.5 Flash (May 2024): 66.8 (#205), GPT-4.1: 71.3 (#153)
| Benchmark | Gemini 1.5 Flash (May 2024) | GPT-4.1 |
|---|---|---|
| IFEval | 83.1% | 83.8% |
| LMArena Instruction Following | 1258 | 1367 |
Long Context GPT-4.1 leads
Gemini 1.5 Flash (May 2024): 39.0 (#187), GPT-4.1: 40.0 (#163)
| Benchmark | Gemini 1.5 Flash (May 2024) | GPT-4.1 |
|---|---|---|
| LMArena Longer Query | 1284 | 1385 |
| Fiction.LiveBench | — | 63.9% |
Writing & Preference GPT-4.1 leads
Gemini 1.5 Flash (May 2024): 48.7 (#196), GPT-4.1: 57.6 (#125)
| Benchmark | Gemini 1.5 Flash (May 2024) | GPT-4.1 |
|---|---|---|
| LMArena Text | 1287 | 1383 |
| LMArena Creative Writing | 1285 | 1363 |
| WildBench | 79.2% | 85.4% |
| LMArena Multi-Turn | 1253 | 1398 |
| EQ-Bench Creative Writing | — | 1420 |
Frequently asked questions
Is Gemini 1.5 Flash (May 2024) better than GPT-4.1?
GPT-4.1 is the stronger model overall, scoring 35.9 to 33.2 on the Noometry Index.
Is Gemini 1.5 Flash (May 2024) or GPT-4.1 better for coding?
They score almost the same on coding (34.4 vs 34.4); test both on your own repository before choosing.
How many benchmarks do Gemini 1.5 Flash (May 2024) and GPT-4.1 share?
32 benchmarks have published results for both models. Gemini 1.5 Flash (May 2024) has 42 scored results on Noometry and GPT-4.1 has 52.