Model comparison

GPT-5.4 mini vs o1

GPT-5.4 mini is the stronger model overall, scoring 45.0 to 40.9 on the Noometry Index.

Last verified . 29 shared benchmarks.

GPT-5.4 mini OpenAI

45.0

Rank #76 Confirmed

o1 OpenAI

40.9

Rank #143 Confirmed

Summary

  • They share 29 benchmarks with published results for both. GPT-5.4 mini scores higher in 7 categories and o1 in 3 categories; 8 gaps are clear of the uncertainty.
  • The widest gap is in knowledge, where GPT-5.4 mini leads 51.5 to 41.5.
  • The biggest single-benchmark swing is FrontierMath (Tiers 1-3): 51.2% for GPT-5.4 mini and 14.7% for o1.
  • GPT-5.4 mini is cheaper at $0.75 / $4.50 per million input/output tokens, against $15 / $60 for o1.
  • GPT-5.4 mini accepts more context: 400K tokens versus 200K.

Side by side

GPT-5.4 mini and o1 specifications
GPT-5.4 minio1
ProviderOpenAIOpenAI
Noometry Index45.040.9
Released2026-03-172024-09-12
WeightsProprietaryProprietary
Context window400K200K
Max output128K100K
Input $ / M tokens$0.75$15
Output $ / M tokens$4.50$60
Results tracked4652

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Category by category

Coding Too close to call

GPT-5.4 mini: 45.2 (#72), o1: 46.1 (#70)

Coding benchmarks
BenchmarkGPT-5.4 minio1
WeirdML60.3%47.6%
LMArena Coding14381367
FrontierCode27%—
Aider Polyglot—61.7%
LMArena WebDev1397—
SciCode49.9%—
LiveBench Coding—69.7%
CadEval—56%
ALE-Bench1,189—
HumanEval+—89%
MBPP+—80.2%

Agentic & Tool Use GPT-5.4 mini leads

GPT-5.4 mini: 29.9 (#81), o1: 24.6 (#117)

Agentic & Tool Use benchmarks
BenchmarkGPT-5.4 minio1
Cybench—10%
DeepResearch Bench36.3%—
METR Time Horizons—51.1%

Reasoning GPT-5.4 mini leads

GPT-5.4 mini: 30.4 (#85), o1: 27.9 (#111)

Reasoning benchmarks
BenchmarkGPT-5.4 minio1
ARC-AGI-163.7%30.7%
Chess Puzzles24%15%
LMArena Hard Prompts14241371
DTBench80%74.7%
LMCA40.8%22.3%
Epoch Capabilities Index148.84141.91
ARC-AGI-218.9%—
SimpleBench—41.7%
Kagi LLM Benchmark37.9%—
NYT Connections (extended)61.8%—
CritPt10%—
EnigmaEval—5.7%
Thematic Generalization61.7%—
LiveBench Reasoning—91.6%
Mystery Game Puzzles11%—
LiveBench Data Analysis—65.5%
ForecastBench57—
LiveBench—75.7%

Math GPT-5.4 mini leads

GPT-5.4 mini: 45.5 (#75), o1: 36.1 (#175)

Math benchmarks
BenchmarkGPT-5.4 minio1
FrontierMath (Tiers 1-3)51.2%14.7%
OTIS Mock AIME 2024-202588.9%73.3%
LMArena Math14191388
FrontierMath (Feb 2025 set)28.3%9.3%
FrontierMath Tier 49.8%—
ProofBench21%—
LiveBench Math—80.3%
MATH Level 5—94.7%
FrontierMath Tier 4 (v1)2.1%—

Knowledge GPT-5.4 mini leads

GPT-5.4 mini: 51.5 (#67), o1: 41.5 (#110)

Knowledge benchmarks
BenchmarkGPT-5.4 minio1
GPQA Diamond86.9%76.8%
SimpleQA Verified29.4%41.1%
LMArena Expert14351361
Humanity's Last Exam—8%
Confabulations—11.7%
Vectara Hallucination Rate5.5%—

Multimodal GPT-5.4 mini leads

GPT-5.4 mini: 39.7 (#56), o1: 34.2 (#93)

Multimodal benchmarks
BenchmarkGPT-5.4 minio1
LMArena Vision12451168
GeoBench—80%
VPCT—37%
SpatialViz-Bench—41.4%

Multilingual GPT-5.4 mini leads

GPT-5.4 mini: 51.9 (#96), o1: 48.6 (#142)

Multilingual benchmarks
BenchmarkGPT-5.4 minio1
LMArena Non-English14051358
LMArena Chinese14461394
LMArena French14401344
LMArena German14091337
LMArena Japanese13741346
LMArena Korean13681396
LMArena Russian14171356
LMArena Spanish14051345

Instruction Following Too close to call

GPT-5.4 mini: 74.1 (#102), o1: 74.8 (#86)

Instruction Following benchmarks
BenchmarkGPT-5.4 minio1
LMArena Instruction Following14051367
LiveBench Instruction Following—81.5%

Long Context o1 leads

GPT-5.4 mini: 43.0 (#112), o1: 50.3 (#9)

Long Context benchmarks
BenchmarkGPT-5.4 minio1
LMArena Longer Query14071378
Fiction.LiveBench—83.3%

Writing & Preference GPT-5.4 mini leads

GPT-5.4 mini: 64.0 (#58), o1: 55.6 (#144)

Writing & Preference benchmarks
BenchmarkGPT-5.4 minio1
LMArena Text14121366
LMArena Creative Writing13701348
LMArena Multi-Turn14291369
Short-Story Creative Writing—70.2%
EQ-Bench Creative Writing1665—
LiveBench Language—65.4%

Frequently asked questions

Is GPT-5.4 mini better than o1?

GPT-5.4 mini is the stronger model overall, scoring 45.0 to 40.9 on the Noometry Index.

Which is cheaper, GPT-5.4 mini or o1?

GPT-5.4 mini is cheaper. It lists at $0.75 per million input tokens and $4.50 per million output tokens; o1 lists at $15 and $60.

Is GPT-5.4 mini or o1 better for coding?

They score almost the same on coding (45.2 vs 46.1); test both on your own repository before choosing.

Which has the bigger context window?

GPT-5.4 mini does, with 400K tokens against 200K.

How many benchmarks do GPT-5.4 mini and o1 share?

29 benchmarks have published results for both models. GPT-5.4 mini has 46 scored results on Noometry and o1 has 52.

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