Model comparison
Gemma 3 12B vs GPT-5.4
GPT-5.4 is the stronger model overall, scoring 59.4 to 32.1 on the Noometry Index. Gemma 3 12B costs 75× less per token, which makes it the better buy when GPT-5.4's lead doesn't matter for your workload.
Last verified . 22 shared benchmarks.
GoogleSummary
- They share 22 benchmarks with published results for both. Gemma 3 12B scores higher in 0 categories and GPT-5.4 in 9 categories; 9 gaps are clear of the uncertainty.
- The widest gap is in math, where GPT-5.4 leads 73.5 to 22.3.
- The biggest single-benchmark swing is OTIS Mock AIME 2024-2025: 16.7% for Gemma 3 12B and 97.8% for GPT-5.4.
- Gemma 3 12B is cheaper at $0.05 / $0.15 per million input/output tokens, against $2.50 / $15 for GPT-5.4.
- GPT-5.4 accepts more context: 1.05M tokens versus 131K.
- Gemma 3 12B has downloadable open weights; the other is API-only.
Side by side
| Gemma 3 12B | GPT-5.4 | |
|---|---|---|
| Provider | OpenAI | |
| Noometry Index | 32.1 | 59.4 |
| Released | 2025-03-12 | 2026-03-05 |
| Weights | Open | Proprietary |
| Context window | 131K | 1.05M |
| Max output | 8K | 128K |
| Input $ / M tokens | $0.05 | $2.50 |
| Output $ / M tokens | $0.15 | $15 |
| Results tracked | 24 | 68 |
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Category by category
Coding GPT-5.4 leads
Gemma 3 12B: 31.7 (#280), GPT-5.4: 52.6 (#33)
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 12B | GPT-5.4 |
|---|---|---|
| SciCode | 17.4% | 56.6% |
| LMArena Coding | 1281 | 1497 |
| SWE-bench Verified | — | 76.9% |
| DeepSWE | — | 51.8% |
| LMArena WebDev | — | 1465 |
| GSO | — | 31.4% |
| WeirdML | — | 77.7% |
| MirrorCode | — | 15.6% |
| ALE-Bench | — | 1,607 |
| AlgoTune | — | 1.85 |
Agentic & Tool Use GPT-5.4 leads
Gemma 3 12B: 25.5 (#108), GPT-5.4: 46.5 (#13)
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 12B | GPT-5.4 |
|---|---|---|
| Terminal-Bench | — | 81.8% |
| APEX-Agents | — | 52.4% |
| Berkeley Function Calling Leaderboard | 30.4% | — |
| τ²-bench Banking | — | 39.4% |
| DeepResearch Bench | — | 35.1% |
| PostTrainBench | — | 19% |
| GBAEval | — | 45.1% |
| LMArena Search | — | 1197 |
| METR Time Horizons | — | 74.3% |
| Vending-Bench 2 | — | 6,144 |
Reasoning GPT-5.4 leads
Gemma 3 12B: 15.7 (#313), GPT-5.4: 61.8 (#19)
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 12B | GPT-5.4 |
|---|---|---|
| CritPt | 0% | 23.4% |
| Chess Puzzles | 0% | 44% |
| LMArena Hard Prompts | 1309 | 1485 |
| DTBench | 48.8% | 94.4% |
| LMCA | 4.5% | 52% |
| Epoch Capabilities Index | 123.5 | 156.81 |
| ARC-AGI-2 | — | 74% |
| Kagi LLM Benchmark | — | 63.8% |
| NYT Connections (extended) | — | 91.3% |
| ARC-AGI-1 | — | 93.7% |
| EnigmaEval | — | 16% |
| Thematic Generalization | — | 80% |
| EBR-Bench | — | 25.4% |
| Mystery Game Puzzles | — | 37% |
| ForecastBench | — | 59.5 |
Math GPT-5.4 leads
Gemma 3 12B: 22.3 (#279), GPT-5.4: 73.5 (#19)
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 12B | GPT-5.4 |
|---|---|---|
| OTIS Mock AIME 2024-2025 | 16.7% | 97.8% |
| LMArena Math | 1307 | 1488 |
| FrontierMath (Tiers 1-3) | — | 78.6% |
| FrontierMath Tier 4 | — | 49% |
| MathArena Final-Answer Competitions | — | 83.1% |
| ProofBench | — | 56% |
| FrontierMath (Feb 2025 set) | — | 47.6% |
| FrontierMath Tier 4 (v1) | — | 27.1% |
Knowledge GPT-5.4 leads
Gemma 3 12B: 26.5 (#257), GPT-5.4: 65.3 (#14)
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 12B | GPT-5.4 |
|---|---|---|
| GPQA Diamond | 39.5% | 93.3% |
| Vectara Hallucination Rate | 4.4% | 7% |
| LMArena Expert | 1248 | 1507 |
| Humanity's Last Exam | — | 36.2% |
| SimpleQA Verified | — | 45.1% |
Multimodal Not comparable
Gemma 3 12B: —, GPT-5.4: 43.7 (#20)
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 12B | GPT-5.4 |
|---|---|---|
| LMArena Vision | — | 1303 |
| Blueprint-Bench 2 | — | 27.1% |
| Furniture Assembly | — | 37.5% |
| LMArena Document | — | 1471 |
| MindCube | 46.7% | — |
Multilingual GPT-5.4 leads
Gemma 3 12B: 45.7 (#165), GPT-5.4: 56.2 (#23)
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 12B | GPT-5.4 |
|---|---|---|
| LMArena Non-English | 1318 | 1465 |
| LMArena German | 1370 | 1472 |
| LMArena Russian | 1335 | 1480 |
| LMArena Chinese | — | 1519 |
| LMArena French | — | 1493 |
| LMArena Japanese | — | 1485 |
| LMArena Korean | — | 1448 |
| LMArena Spanish | — | 1454 |
Instruction Following GPT-5.4 leads
Gemma 3 12B: 68.6 (#186), GPT-5.4: 77.1 (#27)
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 12B | GPT-5.4 |
|---|---|---|
| LMArena Instruction Following | 1299 | 1469 |
Long Context GPT-5.4 leads
Gemma 3 12B: 40.0 (#162), GPT-5.4: 50.3 (#8)
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 12B | GPT-5.4 |
|---|---|---|
| LMArena Longer Query | 1317 | 1473 |
| CL-bench | — | 27.9% |
| CL-bench Life | — | 21.7% |
Writing & Preference GPT-5.4 leads
Gemma 3 12B: 47.5 (#209), GPT-5.4: 71.9 (#17)
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 12B | GPT-5.4 |
|---|---|---|
| LMArena Text | 1334 | 1469 |
| LMArena Creative Writing | 1331 | 1439 |
| EQ-Bench Creative Writing | 1126 | 1840 |
| LMArena Multi-Turn | 1334 | 1482 |
| EQ-Bench 4 | — | 1272 |
Frequently asked questions
Is Gemma 3 12B better than GPT-5.4?
GPT-5.4 is the stronger model overall, scoring 59.4 to 32.1 on the Noometry Index. Gemma 3 12B costs 75× less per token, which makes it the better buy when GPT-5.4's lead doesn't matter for your workload.
Which is cheaper, Gemma 3 12B or GPT-5.4?
Gemma 3 12B is cheaper. It lists at $0.05 per million input tokens and $0.15 per million output tokens; GPT-5.4 lists at $2.50 and $15.
Is Gemma 3 12B or GPT-5.4 better for coding?
GPT-5.4 scores higher on coding benchmarks: 52.6 versus 31.7 in the Noometry coding category.
Which has the bigger context window?
GPT-5.4 does, with 1.05M tokens against 131K.
How many benchmarks do Gemma 3 12B and GPT-5.4 share?
22 benchmarks have published results for both models. Gemma 3 12B has 24 scored results on Noometry and GPT-5.4 has 68.